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Modified Sartorius Score

Physician-Reported Regional Lesion Score

Calculate the modified Sartorius score for hidradenitis suppurativa from the regions involved, lesion counts, lesion distance and skin separation. Implements the 2009 form and the 2003 original, with change from baseline.

About the Sartorius

Clinical Background

The Sartorius score was proposed in 2003 by Sartorius, Lapins, Emtestam and Jemec as a set of uniform outcome variables for reporting treatment effects in hidradenitis suppurativa (Sartorius et al. 2003). Unlike the static Hurley classification, it is a regional, count-based score: each anatomical region involved earns 3 points, every lesion in the region adds points by type, the longest distance between two relevant lesions in the region adds a band score, and a further penalty is added when the lesions are not clearly separated by normal skin. The regional scores are summed and the total has no upper limit. In the original version, nodules score 2, fistulas 4, scars 1 and other lesions 1; the distance bands are 2, 4 and 8 points for under 5 cm, 5 to 10 cm and over 10 cm; and lesions that are not separated by normal skin add 6 points.

The modified Sartorius score, published in 2009 as the modified hidradenitis suppurativa score (Sartorius et al. 2009), simplified the lesion items and rebalanced the points so that the score reflects inflammatory activity more closely. On the 2009 form, the regions are the right and left axilla, groin and gluteal region plus one row for any other region; inflammatory nodules or abscesses score 1 point each and draining fistulas 6 points each; scars and other lesions are not counted; the distance bands are 1, 3 and 9 points; and a region whose lesions are not separated by normal skin, that is a Hurley III region, adds 9 points. The size of the lesion replaces the distance item when only one lesion is present, and an uninvolved region scores 0, so the smallest non-zero regional score is 5. This version is the one cited by the IHS4 validation study (Zouboulis et al. 2017), by the European S1 guideline (Zouboulis et al. 2015) and by current clinical trial protocols, and it is the default implemented here; the 2003 original is available as a second mode.

Several other point sets circulate under the same name, so the version should always be stated alongside the score. Revuz (2007, 2009) proposed a modification with five paired regions, abscesses and draining fistulas at 4 points, other lesions at half a point and a zero distance score for inactive disease, and the adalimumab development programme used a further variant with 12 body areas and 2003-type lesion points, which explains the high baseline means reported in those trials (Kimball et al. 2012). Scores from different versions are not interchangeable, and a follow-up score is only comparable with a baseline scored with the same version.

The interobserver concordance of the 2009 score was 0.95 when 23 patients were scored independently by four dermatologists (Sartorius et al. 2010), and the score correlates with Hurley stage, with smoking and body mass index (Sartorius et al. 2009) and with the Dermatology Life Quality Index. No responder threshold or minimal important difference has been validated for any version (Ingram et al. 2016), so trials report the absolute or percentage change from baseline, and the percentage improvement shown by this calculator is descriptive only. The score is more time-consuming than IHS4 and Hurley staging, gives large weight to draining fistulas and to confluent disease, and its open upper limit makes severity bands impractical; in practice it is used for visit-to-visit comparison rather than for classification.

References

  1. Sartorius K, Emtestam L, Jemec GB, Lapins J. Objective scoring of hidradenitis suppurativa reflecting the role of tobacco smoking and obesity. Br J Dermatol. 2009;161(4):831-839. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09198.x
  2. Sartorius K, Lapins J, Emtestam L, Jemec GB. Suggestions for uniform outcome variables when reporting treatment effects in hidradenitis suppurativa. Br J Dermatol. 2003;149(1):211-213. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05390.x
  3. Sartorius K, Killasli H, Heilborn J, Jemec GB, Lapins J, Emtestam L. Interobserver variability of clinical scores in hidradenitis suppurativa is low. Br J Dermatol. 2010;162(6):1261-1268. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09715.x
  4. Revuz J. Modifications to the Sartorius score and instructions for evaluating the severity of suppurative hidradenitis. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2007;134(2):173-174. doi:10.1016/s0151-9638(07)91613-0
  5. Revuz J. Hidradenitis suppurativa. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2009;23(9):985-998. doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2009.03356.x
  6. Zouboulis CC, Tzellos T, Kyrgidis A, Jemec GBE, Bechara FG, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, et al.. Development and validation of the International Hidradenitis Suppurativa Severity Score System (IHS4), a novel dynamic scoring system to assess HS severity. Br J Dermatol. 2017;177(5):1401-1409. doi:10.1111/bjd.15748
  7. Ingram JR, Hadjieconomou S, Piguet V. Development of core outcome sets in hidradenitis suppurativa: systematic review of outcome measure instruments to inform the process. Br J Dermatol. 2016;175(2):263-272. doi:10.1111/bjd.14475
  8. Zouboulis CC, Desai N, Emtestam L, Hunger RE, Ioannides D, Juhasz I, et al.. European S1 guideline for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015;29(4):619-644. doi:10.1111/jdv.12966

Development

The clinical calculators on this site are free to use. They were developed in partnership by the Centre for Medical and Surgical Dermatology and Dermi(opens in a new tab), a Toronto company that makes clinical imaging software for dermatology practices, which continues to maintain them.

Frequently Asked Questions about the Sartorius

The modified Sartorius score is a physician-scored regional measure of hidradenitis suppurativa severity published by Sartorius and colleagues in 2009 as a simplification of their 2003 score. For every anatomical region involved it adds 3 points, 1 point per inflammatory nodule or abscess, 6 points per draining fistula, a distance band of 1, 3 or 9 points for the longest distance between two lesions, and 9 points when the lesions are not separated by normal skin. The regional scores are summed and the total has no upper limit.
Each region is scored separately and the regional scores are added. A region with 2 nodules, 1 draining fistula, a longest distance of 7 cm and lesions separated by normal skin scores 3 + 2 + 6 + 3 + 0 = 14, and a region with a single 2 cm nodule scores 3 + 1 + 1 = 5, giving a total of 19. A Hurley III region with 4 nodules, 3 fistulas and a distance over 10 cm scores 3 + 4 + 18 + 9 + 9 = 43. Regions without lesions score 0.
The default is the 2009 modified score of Sartorius, Emtestam, Jemec and Lapins, which is the version cited by the IHS4 validation study, the European S1 guideline and current trial protocols. The 2003 original, which scores nodules 2, fistulas 4, scars 1 and other lesions 1, with distance bands of 2, 4 and 8 points and a 6-point penalty for confluent lesions, is available as a second mode. Other variants, including the Revuz modification and the version used in the adalimumab trials, use different points, so the version should always be reported with the score.
IHS4 counts inflammatory nodules, abscesses and draining tunnels across the whole body and weights them 1, 2 and 4 to give a single number with validated mild, moderate and severe bands. The Sartorius score is scored region by region and also captures the extent of each region through the distance item and the confluence of lesions through the normal-skin item, but it has no validated severity bands and no upper limit. The two scores correlate well, and IHS4 is generally preferred for routine monitoring because it is quicker to perform.
No. A systematic review of hidradenitis suppurativa outcome instruments found no validated responder definition or minimal important difference for any version of the Sartorius score. Clinical trials report the absolute change or the percentage change from baseline, which is why the calculator shows the change and the percentage improvement without a response label. The baseline and follow-up scores must be calculated with the same version.

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